Architecture Assessment Method And Assessment Methodology...

The architect would begin the architecting process by capturing the customer statement of need, the capability of the system and the required functions the system must have. From those initial required inputs the architecture generation process can begin. The initial architecture representation and a tree of attributes will be generated by the architect in conjunction with the stakeholder’s consensus. The final architecture is the end result of the architecture assessment model method and the Key Performance Attribute (KPA’s) system performance evaluation. The architecture assessment method and assessment methodology path is represented in Figure 1. The preliminary functional initial architecture (Figure 2) is heavily influenced on customer inputs and from a preliminary evaluation of the initial key performance attributes de system must possess based on stakeholder’s requirements. The architect will classify system function and sub-functions depending on as MOE – Measure of Effectiveness, MOP – Measure of Performance or TPM – Technical Performance Measure, depending on how well the function or system element is satisfying initial requirements, represented in a tree of attributes architecture (Figure 3). 2.1 Case Study The army requires a tool or technique to address an anticipated gap between the demands of an increasingly technological force and the available human resources entering the army in the years 2017-2025. This originates from the Army’s concern about theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Correlated Failures On Software Reliability1483 Words   |  6 PagesState University Fort Collins, CO 80523-1373, USA lohith.kantharaj@gmail.com Abstract--A number of software fault tolerance methods have been proposed to achieve high reliability. However, these methods suffer from the lack of considering the possibility of correlated failures, where the failure of multiple components leads to system failure. Furthermore, previous methods to assess the impact of correlated failure on software fault tolerance require extensive testing of data and are therefore lessRead MoreElectronic Medical Records (Emr) Project` Essay1615 Words   |  7 PagesRecords (EMR) Project 3 Background 3 Statement of Need 3 Objectives 3 Mission and Goals of Project 3 Tasks 4 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) 5 Critical Path Method (CPM) 6 Performance Measurement 8 Project Plan 8 References 10 Table of Figures Figure 1: Level One 5 Figure 2: Level Two 6 Figure 3 - Critical Path 7 Figure 4: Gantt Chart 9 Electronic Medical Records (EMR) Project Background Patton-Fuller Community Hospital is a nonprofit Healthcare organization in the cityRead MoreThe Trend Towards Evidence-Based Practice and the Future of Psychotherapy1854 Words   |  7 Pageshave their advantages, in as much as the largest chunk of merit is scored by the evidence-based practice proponents. He uses Cummings predictions (2006), in the forestallment of psychotherapy should this trend persists. He Predicts that there are two paths that the practice would likely pursue: one, treatments of specific disorders through evidence-based practice; which is funded by third party and second, general counseling and psychotherapy for problems with living; which is non-paid for by the thirdRead MoreThe System Development Life Cycle2002 Words   |  9 Pagesgood approach to solving the problem of complexity is in adopting a high-level architecture model which can be used to describe the components of the system and their relationship. In this paper, an effective approach to systems development is discussed alongside several ERP architecture methods. Several ERP implementation strategies are highlighted and requirements are shared. Key Words ERP systems, ERP architecture, implementation strategies, system development life cycle Background AccordingRead MoreProblems Associated With Software Engineering1606 Words   |  7 PagesObjective of this research paper is to learn and understand the recent changes in software engineering and how it can pave way to an advanced method of software engineering in the coming future. Hence this paper will be based on how current trends in software development would affect the future. Software development and maintenance started to become major corporate concerns in the last half of the 20th century. Even though most companies could not endure or compete successfully without software andRead MoreProject Plan Outline Essay example5454 Words   |  22 Pagesmay be appropriate to omit sections. For unique projects, you may need to add sections. Tailor as appropriate. Where you decide to omit a section, you might keep the header, but insert a comment saying why you omitted the element. A suggested method is to leave the header and place the comment â€Å"Not Applicable†. This demonstrates you have thought through the project. Items in italic red text should be removed and replaced with your project wording. The items in italic red are remarks designedRead MoreVulnerability Assessment ( Va )3159 Words   |  13 Pagespotential security dangers on their network and systems. This requires a more effective and insightful way to deal with sustaining the project. Vulnerability Assessment (VA) is the procedure of identifying, quantifying, measuring and organizing dangers connected with system and host-based network to reduce its risk to the system. Vulnerability Assessment (VA) tools permit customization of security strategy, computerized examination of vulnerabilities, and formation of reports that helps to discover securityRead MoreResearch Report On Enhancing Cloud Based Networks3721 Words   |  15 PagesProblems How They are Measured 3 Infrastructures 4 Distributed Structure 4 Virtualisation 5 Data Centres 5 Protocols Deploying 5 New Protocols 5 Deploying Schemes 6 Review of Technologies 8 Management 9 Open Source Architecture 9 Improving Cloud 9 Opnet / Riverbed 9 Proposed Methodology 9 Summary 10 Bibliography 11 Appendices 12 â€Æ' Introduction This report will provide an insight into the current performance issues within cloud based networks, whilst identifying key topics and discussing main pointsRead MoreIn This Paper, We Discuss How To Select The Best Network1668 Words   |  7 Pagescommunication, for a particular voice application. Selection of network is done by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy-Topsis method. Our main aim of this work is to reduce the chances of collision through Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The number of vehicles is increasing rapidly these days that causes the chances of collision because of limited number of path. A significant challenge for beyond third generation (B3G) wireless networks is to coordinate the many different types of networksRead MoreGsm Based Remote Patient Monitoring System1514 Words   |  7 PagesGSM BASED REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEM Mrs. M. V. PatH, Mrs. M. S. Cbavan Department of Electronics Bbarati Vidyapeetb University College of Engg. Pune. Email: mv14patil@gmail.com.meenacbavan2007@rediffmail.com ABSTRACT: This paper presents the methodology for monitoring patients remotely using GSM network Very large scale integration (VLSI) technique. Patient monitoring systems consist of equipment, devices and supplies that measure, including blood pressure, body temperature, heart activity

A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay examples - 1118 Words

In this passage of â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Ibsen, the reader is presented with a decisive moment in the play. It provides the crucial turning point in which Nora’s changes her outlook towards Helmer by being independently decisive. Nora’s requirement to obtain freedom from her accustomed lifestyle, demonstrated so precisely here, is depicted from her search for what can be found in the world in accordance to her conflict. It gives her an authoritative position in holding the reins to her life. This is the climatic part within the play, due to its illustration of Nora’s character and opposition to remain under the control of her husband. The belittlement of Nora is also seen, which will lead to her final decision of walking out on her family to†¦show more content†¦Nora begins her conversation with Helmer to explain the reason for her upcoming absence. Through her awareness and presentation of communication problems she is able to solidify her argument of how her husband doesn’t really know or understand her. The primary apparent change of character found within this passage is Nora’s serious tone with Helmer. She no longer presents herself as juvenile; she now presents herself in a manner which is new in regards to her husband. Lines 31 through 38 initiate a core problem which is seen throughout the play; â€Å"Nora. It is not very late. Sit down here, Torvald. You and I have much to say to one another†¦ Helmer. You alarm me, Nora!-and I don’t understand you† (Lines 31-38). In correlation to her character development Ibsen also filters in the problem of the lack of communication found within the marriage. This is fortified by Nora’s comment that they â€Å"have never exchanged a word on any serious subject† over the course of eight years (Lines 52-53). This lack of communication is of great value because as it is implied within this passage this is the central reason for the separation. Regardless of the other issues through communication, some sort of midpoint could have been established that would be pleasant to both Nora and Helmer. So far, the passage presents the issue of the lack of understanding among theShow MoreRelatedDoll’s House by Henrik Ibsen1126 Words   |  4 PagesHenrik Ibsen wrote the book, Doll’s House, in the late 1870s about the life of the common woman in Norway during the 1870s. The book gave society an inside of look of the life women in general. Woman during this time were oppressed and men were contemptuous towards women. Women that opposed their husband were considered mentally insane and sent to a mental institution. The book is about a domesticated woman named Nora. Nora lives in a house with her husband and their three kids. Nora main job toRead MoreA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen1725 Words   |  7 Pagessuffrage, took place from 1848-1920. In the drama A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, readers are presented with what seems to be the perfect little American dream home. Anti-feminist values are presented immediately in the first scenes of the play and carry out until the end. The play was written in 1879, a time when the feminist movement was just starting to take shape and become well known. The drama A Doll’s House has feminist themes that indicate Henrik Ibsen to be a supporter of the feminist movement throughRead MoreA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen1492 Words   |  6 PagesA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen was written in 1879 during the Victorian Era. The story is written as a play to be performed on stage. The two main characters Nora and Torvald Helmer are upper middle class husband and wife, but it boils down to social expectations. Conflicts arise when women are under their husbands rule for everything and society pressure to keep up appearances. Torvald Helmer is the antagonist to Nora, his wife, because he is mostly concerned about his reputation, he is the supremeRead MoreA Dolls House, by Henrik Ibsen1539 Words   |  7 PagesThe themes of â€Å"objecthood† and â€Å"feminine liberation† in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House as conveyed through the characterization of Torvald and Nora, diction, stage directions and structure in two integral scenes. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House conveys the story of a wife’s struggle to break away from the social norms of late nineteenth century middle class Europe. Throughout the play, Ibsen focuses on Nora’s characterization and experiences and thus this leads the reader to perceive her as the protagonistRead MoreA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen1556 Words   |  7 Pagesprevalent in a variety of literary selections. This paper will focus on animal imagery in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House by using the reader response strategy. In the play A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen, animal imagery is used in the development of the main character Nora. It is also later found that the animal imagery is a critical part in understanding who Nora is and how other characters perceive her. Ibsen uses creative animal imagery to develop Noras character throughout the play. The animalRead MoreA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen1829 Words   |  7 Pages Henrik Ibsen, writer of his most famed play A Doll’s House. Ibsen emphasizes on small-town life in this play. A Doll’s House takes place in the 1880s in Europe/Norway and based on a married couple, Torvald Nora, who are considered to be middle class. The main character Nora in Ibsen’s play, A Doll’s House, seems to give this false installment of her identity. She is both unpredictable and childlike. The entire first and second act she spends giving this hidden subtext that she is unreliableRead MoreA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen868 Words   |  3 Pagesmoney is considered to hold the most power. In the case of the household, the person who holds the most power is the person who handles the money, and in our man-centric world, it is usually the man who holds both money and power. In Henrik Ibsens play A Doll’s House, the theme of money is used to establish power roles between the characters of the play, and how the theme contributes to typical gender roles in the 19th century. A womans duty in the 19th century was to exhibit â€Å"piety, purity, submissivenessRead MoreA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesIn Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, pointedly captures the reality of the Victorian Era within the play. Nora Helmer, the protagonist of the story, represents the typical women in society during that era. The audience’s first impression of Nora is a money obsessed, childish, obedient house wife to her husband, Torvald Helmer. However, as the play progresses one can see that Nora is far from being that typical ideal trophy wife, she is an impulsive liar who goes against society’s norm to be whomRead More A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay842 Words   |  4 PagesA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen â€Å"A dolls house† was written by Henrik Ibsen and produced by famous actors during the time of the 1800’s; in fact it was the year of 1879 to be precise. It was around this time that many different Social, cultural and historical moments were changing through time, leaving the end result to change not only one country but had an effect on most of the world. For this section of the work I will be carefully discussing with you the issues of; * Social events Read More A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen The play â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrik Ibsen is about a wife that is hiding a big secret from her overprotective husband. The play takes place on Christmas Eve till the day after Christmas. Nora Helmer and Torvald Helmer have been married for 8 years, yet Nora is hiding something from Torvald that she thinks would ruin everything if he found out. It opens up with Nora coming home and decorating the house for Christmas and making preparations. They have 3 children:

Electrical Marine Engineering

Question: Discuss about the Electrical Marine Engineering. Answer: The most common cause for generators, especially brush-less ones not generating any voltage despite turning and running is because of residual magnetism. Generators operate by the movement of electrical conductors through magnetic fields; however, the generator does not have a magnet. Instead, it creates a magnetic field by using some of the voltage generator by the generator and converting it into direct current (DC) and feeding this voltage into a coil to create an electro-magnet. Residual magnetism is a small amount of magnetism left from the last instance the generator was running. This magnetism is sufficient to generate a small amount of electricity, needed to create a stronger magnetic field to produce voltage ('Contrelec', 2017). When the residual magnetism is lost, no power is produced at start up; the residual magnetism can be lost naturally when a load is connected to the generator when it is off or due to the generator not being used. The magnetism I also lost if the generator is run without a load for too long as to maintain the residual magnetism, the generators need to keep running (Bhattacharya, 2011). In order to steer the ship safely to the harbor, the generators running the refrigerators should be shut and the power it generates be used for steering purposes. Meanwhile, the nearby ships and port control should be informed about this over the radio so they are aware and prepare for any emergencies, while also clearing the area of other vessels (Bhattacharya, 2011). The connection to steering should be disconnected from the generator not producing voltage (after shutting it down) and the refrigeration generator connected to aid in steering the vessel safely to harbor. If there is a backup generator, then the ship can be steered safely to harbor using the backup generator. References Bhattacharya, S. (2011). Basic electrical engineering. 1st ed. Delhi: Pearson, p.526. 'Contrelec', (2017). Troubleshooting Generator Starting Problems (Ross Hill, Hill Graham SCR Systems). [online] Contrelec.co.uk. Available at: https://www.contrelec.co.uk/pages/troubleshooting-generator-starting?print=true%3E [Accessed 3 Apr. 2017].

The Selfish Gene Essay Research Paper Creationism free essay sample

The Selfish Gene Essay, Research Paper Creationism is a Bible based position of human beginning that provinces worlds were created in their current signifier and have non changed, or evolved, throughout the old ages. However the belief that our species has changed over clip to accommodate our environment is considered development. As both sides possess strong grounds for their decisions, the argument that stemmed many old ages ago, even before the celebrated Scopes test, has no terminal in sight. Recently province instruction boards in Kansas, Alabama and Kentucky have given school territories the chance to make up ones mind for themselves whether creationism will be taught, along with development, in their schoolrooms. Furthermore, the province of Colorado has dropped all inquiries on their standardised trials that pertain to development. Conversely, on October 8th, 1999 the New Mexico Board of Education voted overpoweringly to restrict the statewide scientific discipline course of study to the instruction of development ( Janofsky 1 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Selfish Gene Essay Research Paper Creationism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Creationists refer to the Bible to explicate that the Godhead developed the existence, including Adam and Eve. But, creationists besides use scientific discipline to confute the theory of development. Through the 2nd jurisprudence of thermodynamics, which states that a system is ever heading towards upset, creationists explain that there was one time a clip when the existence was more orderly and that uniqueness existed about 15 billion old ages ago. If this is true, where did this uniqueness come from? Creationists believe that merely a superior Godhead could hold set forth this status. Although development is merely a theory, it is widely accepted and is based entirely on scientific information. Through the 2nd jurisprudence of thermodynamics evolutionists believe that worlds should go on in a form of upset as are those things neglected in a system. However, worlds have become more orderly and more suited for their environment, clearly a procedure that is carried out by gradual alteration over clip. Through Charles Darwin s The Origin of Species, published in 1859, the universe was introduced to natural choice and the theory of development. In his autobiography, Darwin states It was apparent that such facts as these, every bit good as many others, could be explained on the guess that species bit by bit become modified ( 118-119 ) . This type of thought in his times was highly extremist and unheard of, but throughout the old ages development has been explored further and accepted by most scientists. Further research into the beginning of adult male proved that cistrons were the maps by which worlds change. In The Selfish Gene, Richard Dawkins states # 8220 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; [ T ] he cardinal unit of choice, and hence of opportunism, is non the species, nor the group, nor even, purely, the person. It is the cistron, the unit of heredity # 8221 ; ( 11 ) . Equally long as there is faith and scientists are researching the beginning of adult male, the argument on creationism and development will continue. As with all arguments this will go on until something better comes along to replace it. Without Charles Darwin as a flicker of this argument, worlds might still be inquiring aimlessly without a hint as to their beginning. Plants Cited Darwin, Charles. The Autobiography of Charles Darwin: 1809-1882. New York: Harcourt, 1959. Dawkins, Richard. The Selfish Gene. New York: Oxford, 1989. Janofsky, Michael. # 8221 ; New Mexico Bars Creationism From State Curriculum. # 8221 ; New York Times Oct. 1999. New York Times web site. Online. Internet. 14, Oct. 1999.

The Brenner Debate

The Brenner Debate The development of capitalism has often been discussed by historians who focus on the factors that could lead to the decline of the feudal society and emergence of the new socio-economic system. Much attention should be paid to the so-called Brenner debate because this discussion can throw light on various models that can explain the transformation of European societies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Brenner Debate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This debate revolves around the claims made by Robert Brenner who emphasizes the idea that new class and property relations resulted in the development of capitalism. In turn, this debate is critically evaluated by other historians. On the whole, it is possible to argue that a single approach cannot account for the dramatic transformation that different countries underwent. Much attention should be paid to the arguments advanced by Guy Bois who combines the elements o f the demographic and class models. On the whole, it is vital to focus on such factors as the property relations between various economic agents, demographic trends, as well as the increase in the productivity. These are the main issues that should be examined in great detail. It is possible to examine the arguments put forward by Robert Brenner who argues that the transformation of European societies can be explained primarily by the changing class structures1. In his opinion, much attention should be paid to the property relations. The capitalist system of production could emerge provided that economic agents such as peasants could secure their property rights. This privilege can be viewed as a good incentive for increasing the volume of production. One should keep in mind that Robert Brenner rejects the demographic model according to which social and economic breakthrough were driven by population fluctuations. It is vital to remember that demographic patterns could significantly affect wages and the demand for products. However, this model does not explain the differences in the socio-economic development of various countries. These are the main points that Robert Brenner makes. Overall, his work stimulated additional research on this topic. The validity of these claims should be discussed more closely. Some of Brenner’s arguments are supported by other historians. For instance, it is possible to mention to mention Guy Bois who also examines the limitations of the demographic model2. In his opinion, this approach to the socio-economic development is too deterministic, and it cannot reflect the decisions of separate people. Moreover, this framework lays too much stress on such a factor as the struggle for resources.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, Guy Bois mentions that Brenner underestimates the importance of such a facto r as productivity. In particular, he notes that the increase in productivity led to the surplus of goods. More importantly, this factor contributed to the intensification of trade between and within communities. In this case, one should not speak only about the adoption of new technologies. One should also pay much attention to the way in which labor was organized. To a great extent, this view of the formation of capitalism is supported by Rodney Hilton3 who focuses on the pre-requisites for the development of the new socio-economic system. In his view, the differences in the productivity led to the accumulation of capital and the development of new institutions. This is why this notion should not be overlooked. It should be mentioned that other historians such as Postan and Hatcher argue that Robert Brenner lays too much stress on political power of different economic agents. Nevertheless, one should not overlook the influence of such factors as inheritance customs or attitudes to innovation, or military confrontations4. The main argument is that the economic stagnation of the feudal societies can be attributed to a diverse set of factors. Moreover, one should not suppose that the influence of demographic trends can be easily measured with the help of exiting research methods that require the study of quantitative data. The main problem is that these data are not always available to scholars. Additionally, historians such as Emmanuel Ladurie5 argue that the bargaining power of peasants can be explained by the population trends. In particular, the surplus of labor could strengthen the position of landlords. In the long-term, these trends could result in the formation of serfdom. This is why the validity of the demographic model cannot be fully rejected. Demographic trends are vital for showing how the bargaining power of different economic agents could change. For instance, the decline of the population could increase the wages of servants, as a result; these people could have more opportunities for accumulating capital. Similarly, the increasing population could contribute to increasing demand for various goods. Thus, the demographic model should not be disregarded. Overall, the socio-economic advance to capitalism cannot be attributed to only one factor such as new property relations or the changing demographic patterns. The development of the new political and economic system is not a deterministic process that can be easily predicted.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Brenner Debate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More More likely, researchers should pay attention to such factors as class relations, new forms of property, demographic trends, and the changes in the productivity. Robert Brenner’s views on the formation of capitalism are important because they can show how the bargaining power of producers could increase with time passing. These are the main detail s that can be singled out. Bibliography Bois, Guy. â€Å"Against the Neo-Malthusian Orthodoxy.† In The Brenner Debate, edited by Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin, 107-119. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Brenner, Robert. â€Å"Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre- Industrial Europe.† In The Brenner Debate, edited by Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin, 10-64. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Hilton, Rodney. â€Å"A Crisis of Feudalism.† In The Brenner Debate, edited by Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin, 119-138. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Ladurie, Emmanuel. â€Å"A Reply to Robert Brenner.† In The Brenner Debate, edited by Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin, 101-107. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Postan, Michael and John Hatcher. â€Å"Population and Class Relations in Feudal Society.† In The Brenner Debate, edited by Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin, 64-79. Cambridge: Cambridg e University Press, 1985. Footnotes 1 Robert Brenner, â€Å"Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre- Industrial Europe,† in The Brenner Debate, ed. Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 30.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More 2 Guy Bois, â€Å"Against the Neo-Malthusian Orthodoxy,† in The Brenner Debate, ed. Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 112 3 Rodney Hilton, â€Å"A Crisis of Feudalism,† in The Brenner Debate, ed. Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 120 4 Michael Postan and John Hatcher. â€Å"Population and Class Relations in Feudal Society,† in The Brenner Debate, ed. Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 66. 5 Emmanuel Ladurie, â€Å"A Reply to Robert Brenner,† in The Brenner Debate, ed. Trevor Aston and Charles Philpin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 103.

Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, 20th-Century Design Pioneer

Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, 20th-Century Design Pioneer Laszlo Moholy-Nagy (born Laszlo Weisz; July 20, 1895 - November 24, 1946) was a Hungarian-American artist, theorist, and educator who strongly influenced the aesthetic development of industrial design. He taught at Germanys famed Bauhaus school and was a founding father of the institution that became the School of Design at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago. Fast Facts: Laszlo Moholy-Nagy Occupation: Painter, photographer, filmmaker, industrial designer, and educatorBorn: July 20, 1895 in Bacsborsod, HungaryDied: November 24, 1946 in Chicago, IllinoisSpouses: Lucia Schulz (divorced 1929), Sibylle PietzschChildren: Hattula and ClaudiaSelected Works: Collage with Black Centre (1922), A 19 (1927), Light Space Modulator (1930)Notable Quote: Designing is not a profession but an attitude. Early Life, Education, and Military Career Born in Hungary as part of the Weisz Jewish family, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy grew up with his mother as a single parent when his father abandoned the family of three sons. She was a second cousin of noted classical music conductor Sir Georg Solti. Moholy-Nagys maternal uncle, Gusztav Nagy, supported the family, and the young Laszlo took the Nagy name as his own. He later added Moholy in recognition of the town Mohol, now part of Serbia, where he spent much of his early life. The young Laszlo Moholy-Nagy originally wanted to be a poet and published some pieces in local newspapers. He also studied law, but service in the Austro-Hungarian military during World War I changed the direction of his life. Moholy-Nagy documented his service with sketches and watercolors. Upon discharge, he began attending the art school of Hungarian Fauve artist Robert Bereny. Collage with Black Centre (1922). Heritage Images / Getty Images German Career German architect Walter Gropius invited Moholy-Nagy to teach at his famed Bauhaus school in 1923. He taught the foundation course with Josef Albers and also replaced Paul Klee as Head of the metal workshop. Moholy-Nagys ascendancy marked the end of the schools association with expressionism and movement in the direction of industrial design. While he considered himself primarily a painter, Moholy-Nagy was also a pioneer experimenting with photography and film. In the 1920s at Bauhaus, he created abstract paintings influenced by dadaism and Russian constructivism. The impact of Piet Mondrians De Stijl work is also apparent. Some of Moholy-Nagys collages demonstrated influences from Kurt Schwitters. In photography, he experimented with photograms, exposing photo-sensitive paper directly to light. His films explored light and shadows like much of the rest of his art. By combining words with photography in what he called Typophotos, Moholy-Nagy created a new way of looking at the potential of advertising in the 1920s. Commercial designers adopted his approach in ways that resonate today. Light Space Modulator (1930). Sean Gallup / Getty Images In 1928, while under political pressure, Moholy-Nagy resigned from the Bauhaus. He established his own design studio in Berlin and separated from his wife, Lucia. One of his key works of the early 1930s was the Light Space Modulator. It is a kinetic sculpture using reflective metal and recently invented Plexiglas. Standing almost five feet tall, the object was initially intended for use in theaters to create light effects, but it functions as an art piece on its own. He created a film called Light Play Black-White-Grey to show what his new machine could do. Moholy-Nagy continued to develop variations on the piece throughout his career. American Career in Chicago In 1937, with a recommendation from Walter Gropius, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy left Nazi Germany for the U.S. to direct the New Bauhaus in Chicago. Unfortunately, after only a single year of operation, the New Bauhaus lost its financial backing and closed. A 19 (1927). Sailko / Wikimedia Commons / Creative Commons 3.0 With support from ongoing benefactors, Moholy-Nagy opened the School of Design in Chicago in 1939. Both Walter Gropius and celebrated American education philosopher John Dewey served on the board. It later became the Institute of Design, and in 1949 became a part of the Illinois Institute of Technology, the first higher education institution in the U.S. to offer a Ph.D. in design. Some of Moholy-Nagys later career work involved creating transparent sculptures by painting, heating, and then shaping pieces of Plexiglas. The resulting pieces often appear playful and spontaneous compared with the artists industrial-influenced work. After receiving a leukemia diagnosis in 1945, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy became a naturalized U.S. citizen. He continued to work and teach until his death from leukemia on November 24, 1946. A II (1924). Sailko / Wikimedia Commons / Creative Commons 3.0 Legacy Laszlo Moholy-Nagy impacted a broad array of disciplines, including industrial design, painting, photography, sculpture, and film. He helped bring modern aesthetics to the industrial world. With his combination of typography and photography in collage work, Moholy-Nagy is considered one of the founders of modern graphic design. Source Tsai, Joyce. Laszlo Moholy-Nagy: Painting after Photography. University of California Press, 2018.

International Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International Business Strategy - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that on a day-to-day basis, managers are faced with certain situations of which, they have to apply their critical thinking skills since the decision they make usually has a big impact on the entire organization, and it could be either in a positive or negative way. Therefore, managers have to undertake an essential decision-making process, which will explore all the pros and cons, and even offer risk mitigation tactics that can reduce the organization’s vulnerability. Roberts noted that an effective decision-making process will involve all the key stakeholders and it will look at issues from different and broad angles. Secondly, it will involve the use of various analytical tools that test different parameters that can determine the viability of a business decision or option. Among such examples of crucial decisions that managers usually face in their line of work include which marketing strategy to apply or whether to venture into a new market or not. These two strategic decisions will require the manager to undertake a comprehensive decision-making process to establish the best choice of action. However, according to the studies conducted by Lindstedt and Muller for managers to undertake any decision they are required to conduct a market research in order to establish the likely response of the market with the decision that they will undertake, and it is during the market research process that various analytic strategic tools are applied in the process. According to Porter, a business is usually influenced by the prevailing situation in the market, which can as well contribute to its success or failure in the marketplace. Thus, Porter’s five forces provide a basic framework under which to investigate some of the industrial forces that affect a business.

Traditional Pastoral and Missional Ministries Essay

Traditional Pastoral and Missional Ministries - Essay Example From this study it is clear that the  advantage is determined by the realization of giving pastoral care. As the pastor performs the role of the counselor, he is able to pay maximum attention to the person who needs his assistance, and, dependently on his time, he can provide the person in need with the necessary and relevant help. The benefit here is that the pastor as a clergyman and as a shepherd seldom uses severe criticism as a means of help providing, which promotes the help seekers to reveal the essence of the problem to full extent and without any fear of being negatively accepted. This is similar to a psychological phenomenon of a client-centered therapy when a person is accepted without any prejudice and negative assumptions which facilitates better problem revealing, detecting and treatment.This discussion highlights that  the advantage of traditional pastoral ministry is also seen in the field of organization of the work of the church. When a pastor is the one person responsible for governing and management of the work of the church and its structures and other clergymen, he is able to perform his organizational work automatically and to full extent because he does not have to share ti with other people and to combine the results of work of different persons later on.  The thing that is also definitely advantageous is the pastor’s way of delivering the messages of the religious sources.  

Language Research Essay Example for Free

Language Research Essay It is true that Northrop Frye’s ideas about the way we speak and the function and levels of our language gives us something to think about and brings up the question of why different languages present such huge problems when there is a language barrier between those who are trying to communicate. Northrop demonstrates his own ideas about how to communicate better as he talks about language on a societal, individual and worldwide level. For those who have only spoken one language their entire life, to be presented with a new language can be thoroughly frustrating and confusing. One language can be so different from the other and trying to speak a new language can take a huge amount of time in studying the pronunciation of new words and trying to relay them to others with the same rhythm that they speak. A good example of the frustration and confusion of a language barrier, I witnessed in a shopping mall. The foreigner was trying so hard to get their message across to the sales clerk and only ended up leaving the store with disappointment. I noticed that the foreigner spoke slowly and tried to pronounce their words slowly and clearly as the sales associate just spoke in their usual manner and not putting any effort into speaking more slowly and clearly or even trying to use other, more simpler words which would have helped the foreigner, tremendously. Instead of opting to try other methods of communicating, the clerk only let the customer leave without hesitation. It seemed that the associate would rather lose money for the company, let the customer leave with frustration and avoid the entire incident, completely, rather than finding a better way to communicate. Another example of a racial language barrier, I witnessed at a gas station. This time the foreigner spoke loudly and quickly and the group in our immediate area only looked away or stared at the individual as if they were saying nothing at all. The foreigner this time, forgot to find a better way to communicate. I wondered if there was an emergency or a problem with this person that needed immediate attention from the people around, since they seemed desperate and frightened. There was not a single person in the area that spoke the same language as the person rambled on about something that we had no idea what they were speaking about. To me, this language barrier was extremely frustrating, as well and I felt bad that I couldn’t understand the message they were trying so hard to convey. They left the scene, without any help, just as the individual in the shopping mall who wasn’t able to communicate clearly enough and who didn’t have the proper listener who was willing to use a different method for communicating. In order to break the language barrier, it is so important that we learn to adapt to other cultures and become more patient and educated for different languages to be used and understood. Newcomers to a region are not always equipped with the proper language skills that they need to function properly in society and it is important for them to study the new language and practice for success in speaking the new language. They must learn to achieve goals by listening to people talk and adapting to the new speech. It will take patience and tolerance in learning the new language and with this in mind, they will become good speakers and will also be capable of learning to speak the language which will end the constant frustration and confusion.

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ADVISOR :: essays research papers

Abstract The Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) is part of the FAA’s Free Flight program which has been on going for the past 12 years in an attempt to enable controllers the means in which to manage airspace and reduce delays at airports safely and more efficiently. It uses flight plan information along with environmental concerns to aide controllers in sequencing arrivals at airports and makes recommendations for traffic patterns to aide in undue congestion. The TMA has boosted efficiency of the air traffic controllers and helped in fuel efficiency and safety for the airlines, passengers and crews. The Concept of the Traffic Management Advisor   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) is used to aide the air traffic controllers and coordinators thru graphical map, which display alerts, when dealing with aircraft when they are on the outer meter, meter fixed, final approach and threshold for landing at an airport. The TMA schedules and sequences times for their orbits and landings at airports which take a lot of the stress and calculations away from the controllers. It also schedules their landing runways for the aircraft which helps with separation and safety of the aircraft. It does this by computing their speed and approach angles which can be seen on a live Doppler type of screen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The TMA system relies on eight processes which include the following: 1) the communications manager which shares information between its databases, 2) the radar daemon which has a link between the TMA and the controllers computer, 3) the weather daemon which uses weather information from the national weather service, 4) the timeline graphical user interface which receives and uses information from the traffic management controllers computer, 5) the route analyzer which decides which route the aircraft will use, 6) the planview graphical user interface which uses input from the controllers and displays the information, 7) the trajectory synthesizer which determines the estimated time of arrival and the descent profile of the aircraft, and 8) the dynamic planner which determines the runway and the sequences of the other incoming traffic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The TMA computes the aircrafts schedule and sequencing between 40 and 200 miles from the airport, even before they have reached the airports controlled airspace. All of this information comes from the aircrafts flight plan and the TMA has the ability to adjust runway assignments and the sequencing of the aircraft also due to environmental conditions or in response to the input by the controllers.

Men Essay Question

You are sitting in a small, not very well ventilated room that has no air conditioning. You are sitting alongside eleven other overheated, uncomfortable, impatient men. That sounds rather unpleasant, right? Perhaps the last place you would like to be. Imagine how the Jurors may have been compelled to hurry and reach a conclusion for the young boys life they were debating on. What If, these men were seated In a well-lit, cool, comfortable room, with decorations and armchairs†¦ Would they have reached a different conclusion?Or maybe the same decision, but In much fewer hours. In the movie, one or two Jurors had plans to go too baseball game. A few others have plans with family and friends. Most everyone was ready get out of there as soon as possible. When being rushed, your mind tends to blur around the facts as well as your temper being shortened. This caused many of the Jurors to lose their temper, sending the group Into outraged arguments. Let's say the Jurors were not Irritabl e, but Instead had clear heads, and relaxed emotions.I'm sure the first response would be to think about it reasonably. The questionable trial would have been debated smoother with much less arguments. Having fewer disagreements, the trial's outcome may have turned out differently. The boy was let go innocent, but only after hours of debating the matter. If the conditions in which they were debating the trial were changed for the better, the outcome could have easily been different. They could have all agreed at once that he was guilty; they could have all agreed much quicker that he was innocent.Better conditions may have allowed for different first mime impressions of the trial, and led to a better conversation on what side to vote for. I believe that if the Jurors were placed in better conditions to decide, they could have come to a conclusion much quicker than that of which they were placed in. If it were me being shoved in a room with other inhospitable, rushed, people; I too, even if I wasn't at first, would become grumpy and more argumentative. This only proves that the conditions in which people interact and converse in, do affect the attitudes and outcomes of the debated situation.

Agreed ways of working Essay

The agreed ways of working are set of codes by the employer for the social care worker to conduct and inform service users and the public about the standards of conduct they can expect and includes legislation, practice standards and employers’ policies and procedures that should be met. It is the responsibility of social care workers to work within the policy guidelines and following the laid –down procedures and ensuring that their conduct does not follow below the standards set out and that no action or omission on their part harms the wellbeing of service users. The importance of having full and up-to-date details of the agreed ways working. It is the requirement of the organisation to adhere to relevant legislation and to form their policies and procedures in respect of new legislation changes .e.g. Equality act 2010 is a fairly new act so necessary that it must be reflected in the organisation’s policies and procedures. To ensure the safety and well being of service users, staff and the public.To ensure staff are clear on their duties, roles and responsibilities and can carry out their job in the right way. The needs of service users change, staff members change, staff skills and abilities change so support plans, guidelines and risk assessments must reflect this, to help providing a service that the individual needs, as set out in their care plan are met. To ensure continuity of care and to prevent misunderstanding and confusion. It’s important that all information is relevant and up to date.

Reedsy Learning The 5-Minute Publishing School

Reedsy Learning The 5-Minute Publishing School Introducing Reedsy Learning: The Five-Minute Publishing School â€Å"Once you stop learning, you start dying,† a great man with a mustache once said. And while I’m sure most of us agree with the sentiment, our hectic modern lives often leave us with little time to expand our knowledge. That is, of course, until now.Today, the team here at Reedsy is proud to unveil Reedsy Learning - a series of short publishing courses designed to help you learn more about writing, publishing, and marketing amazing books†¦ five minutes at a time.Learn how to publish over a cup of coffeeCreated by some of the best professionals in the industry, each course lasts just 10 days, with a new lesson arriving in your inbox every morning. These fun-sized knowledge nuggets can be absorbed in less than 5 minutes - perfect to enjoy on your morning commute or over a cup of coffee.And did we mention it’s FREE? Free online courses in writing, publishing, and marketing books! #ReedsyLearning What would you like to learn this week?As of this post, Reedsy Learning has launched with ten fascinating courses.Want to find out more about traditional or self-publishing? We have a bunch of courses to choose from. Need to get your rear into gear and grind out  that first book? Writing coach Jennie Nash has written a course  to educate and inspire you. Selling your book on the Kindle Store? This free course will teach you how Amazon’s Ranking Algorithms work and how you can use them to your advantage.At the end of each course, we’ll send you an online quiz, designed to help you retain all that precious knowledge you’ve accumulated.Get started right nowTo start, just pick any topic and you’ll receive your first lesson the next day. But don’t get too greedy - you can only register for one course at a time. That way, you won’t overload yourself and start ‘skipping class’ after a few days 😉At the end of your ten days, let us know what you think. We’re always looking to improve the courses, so we’re relying on your help!What subjects would you like to see covered on Reedsy Learning? Let us know in the comments below, and we’ll do our level best to make it happen for you.

Rambling and Run On Sentences

Rambling and Run On Sentences Rambling or run-on sentences are sentences that contain several independent clauses in a row, to the point that they sound clumsy and exhausting. In case you need to review, an independent clause is a phrase that could be a whole sentence on its own: I like eggs for breakfast.My sister prefers pancakes. Each of the phrases above can stand as a sentence on its own, but if you wrote them (and others) this way in an essay, the overall message would sound choppy. I like eggs for breakfast. But my sister prefers pancakes. So our mom makes both. And we can each have what we want. To keep our writing from sounding too choppy, we can connect sentences to become two or more independent clauses in a single sentence. These are correctly connected by a coordinating conjunction. I like eggs for breakfast, but my sister prefers pancakes. Our mom makes both, so we can each have what we want. See how that sounds better? They do sound better, but we have to be careful not to overdo it! We cant put too many independent clauses in one sentence, or we have our run-ons or our rambling sentences. Tip You can remember the coordinating conjunctions by memorizing the word FANBOYS.F forA andN norB butO orY yetS so Rambling Sentences A rambling sentence may appear to follow the technical rules of grammar in places, but the sentence just sounds wrong because the thought rambles from one topic to another. The passage below is a single sentence that contains many independent clauses: I was happy to walk down the aisle as a bridesmaid in my sister’s wedding, but I was very embarrassed when I stumbled in the middle of the ceremony, for when I recovered, I looked up and saw my sister and I thought she was going to faint, because I could see her standing in the doorway waiting to begin her own walk down the aisle, and her face was all white, she looked like she was going to throw up. Much of this looks correct  because the various clauses are connected correctly (except one comma splice). Don’t hesitate to break up sentences that ramble: I was happy to walk down the aisle as a bridesmaid in my sister’s wedding. However, I was very embarrassed when I stumbled in the middle of the ceremony, especially when I recovered. I looked up and saw my sister and I thought she was going to faint. I could see her standing in the doorway, waiting to begin her own walk down the aisle. Her face was all white and she looked like she was going to throw up! Run-On Sentences In a run-on sentence, the clauses are not properly connected with correct punctuation  or coordinating conjunction.   Problem: Every time I go to the grocery store I run into the same girl her name is Fran and she is a friend of my cousin.Solution 1: Every time I go to the grocery store, I run into the same girl; her name is Fran, and she is a friend of my cousin.Solution 2: Every time I go to the grocery store, I run into the same girl. Her name is Fran, and she is a friend of my cousin. See how the solutions improve the sentence? Problem: I try not to use pens that tend to leak Ive lost a few backpacks because of leaky pens.Solution 1: I  try not to use pens that tend to leak. Ive lost a few backpacks because of leaky pens.Solution 2: I  try not to use pens that tend to leak, yet Ive lost a few backpacks because of leaky pens.

Nova callege Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nova callege - Assignment Example But the reaction on Mrs Mallard upon her husband’s death is enough proof to determine that what goes on between them cannot be characterized by pure love or devotion to each other. Richards and her sister Josephine took great lengths to be gentle in how they break the bad news to her. The both of them were reluctant and calculating in telling her of the tragedy that ended Brently Mallard’s life. â€Å"When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her† (Chopin, par. 3). Her reaction was not analogous to other women before her in the same position. After the immediate show of grief, her next move was to go swiftly to her room and contemplate on what the event essentially means and how the same could change her life. She looked at it as a new beginning and an escape from a dreadful married life. The irony of course was how fast things happen and how lives could change and end in an hour. The overwhelming emotions that were because of her husband’s death introduced to her the prospect of a new which is equivalent to nothing less than freedom. The same freedom she shouted from her heart a nd had enveloped her whole being eventually led to her own death. The plot of â€Å"The Lottery† is an intriguing narrative of an old village and their practice which captivates the reader and keeps them wondering on what all the activity going on is all about. Shirley Jackson was very prolific in her description of the village and the people that comprise it. The children who are playing all around and their banter including the atmosphere as it was a time just after school ended and their vacation has just started. The village is portrayed as common and nothing out of the ordinary and the same goes for the village folks. The title of the short story is very curious and evokes an inquisitive outlook prior to completing the conclusion. The children occupied by collecting stones suggest the perception

Olaudah Equiano's Interesting Narrative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Olaudah Equiano's Interesting Narrative - Essay Example And so much as his revelations might seem shocking; they are actually reality of what is happening now. We are barbarians as they tell us, although they forget that even those at one point their ancestors were barbarians too. So I concur with my friend Gustavas when he says these words (Equiano 2-162). Working alongside Equiano was fun and I liked it. I realized that the captains loved him a lot because he seemed very agile and responsible. He is simply good at what he does. Many sins have been committed to my friend and other slaves like me. No one seems to care what we go through just like he feels. Giving service to our masters is all we do, yet no reward is given unless we sweat for it and grind our fingers trying to save something to buy our freedom. When Equiano was sold to Robert King, I felt like the world was all crumbling and I knew I was next in line. But this is not what bothered me most. The most disgusting thing was the level of betrayal that happened that day. I had kn own Pascal as a very close friend of Gustavas despite the fact that he was his master. I had a belief in this man, just like he did and I was shocked when he let him be seized and thrown into a barge. This is the highest form of betrayal that I have seen happen. Humility and good service is expected of us slaves, yet nothing is given in return. Gustavas was very frightened of the new places we used to go during the sails in the sea. When I read these memoirs, the cries and drums of warfare that used to scare us to bone still haunt me. The journeys were frightful and horrible because it was not known whether we would come out a live or not. We slaves were disposable objects at the will of our masters. Service to these masters was paramount and even when Equiano says that he gave his full service with all the faithfulness and love for Pascal without asking for payment, I feel what he went through (Equiano 2-162). The anguish and pain that we went through was excruciating. Thinking tha t this was punishment from God is the only thing we could do. Our repentance does not even seem to bear fruits. I have all the reason, like Equiano, to believe that God is punishing me. Finding a new conviction to pursue and spread the Christian faith brought us joy. I understand why Equiano chose to believe in Christianity. It gave us hope and he could tell me that the love of God was beyond what we were going through. I was always left wondering why the Englishmen did not practice what the Christian faith purported. Looking at the atrocities we were subjected to with Equiano, at times I feel contempt for what we call western civilization. This period of slavery is actually one of the dark ages in the history of mankind. It is even more disturbing when no word of apology is uttered to us. Our inhumane treatment as slaves left me wondering if indeed reverence did exist. I sat with Gustavas and we would always think about our roots back at home in Africa. The pain of being separated from family and friends was too much to bear. This is why I do not blame Equiano when he talks less and concentrates on his work. He says getting busy helps him forget the pain he bears inside. We are forced to forget about our roots and embrace the cultural beliefs that we know nothing about (Klein 2-209). Now 15 years have gone down the line since I last got my freedom and left. These memoirs bring me back the memories of my past. This is why I feel like disappearing from the face of the earth.

Leadership when it matters most Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership when it matters most - Term Paper Example The example will be used to show how transformational leadership is used in the modern world to bring out the maximum potential of employees by using influence tactics, leader-member exchange, decision-making etc. On the other hand, transformational leadership will be contrasted to transactional leadership to identify its advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, its relevance and usefulness in the globalized world will be discussed. After a thorough examination of literature from a vast variety of sources combined with detailed study of real life leadership example, the advantages of transformational leadership are well established. Undoubtedly, the productivity of workers rises due to encouraging two-way communication, shared decision-making, reduced distance between various hierarchal levels and the like. This in turn allows an organization to adapt to the swift changing globalized market and successfully fulfill its mission and vision in the longer run. Besides escalating productivit y, transformational leadership also brings out the creativity and innovative element in employees. In the ultimate analysis, transformational leadership style can greatly increase the effectiveness of a leader. However, overall, the most effective leader is who can develop external awareness of needed actions and the internal flexibility to adapt quickly any leadership style as appropriate. Introduction The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze and evaluate a real life leader in the light of various leadership theories and models. Therefore, this paper will present a real life example of production manager acting as a transformational leader. The essay will go on to give a brief account of the influence tactics, decision-making models, contingency factors, ethical considerations as demonstrated by this particular leader. In addition, the strengths and weaknesses of transformational leadership

Advantages And Limitations Of Each Source Of Finance Finance Essay

Advantages And Limitations Of Each Source Of Finance Finance Essay This assignment covers all detail about sources of finance. The aim of the research is to identify different sources of finance like short-term finance, medium-term finance and long-term finance. The first part of the assignment gives you an introduction about sources of finance. The second part covers short-term sources of finance and their advantages and limitations. The third part covers medium-term sources of finance and their advantages and disadvantages. And the last part covers long-term sources of finance and its merits and demerits. Sources of Finance Introduction As you know food is necessary for human life. Similarly finance is the heart of any business. It is most important for modern business, which requires huge capital. Finance could be needed for new businesses, when they recover a cash flow problem, new machinery, set up a new plant or takeover another business. Generally funds required for businesses are classified into short term, medium term and long term. In this section we look at the different source of finance and see the advantages and limitations of each. Business Leasing Public Deposit Mortgage Shares -Equity Share -Preference Share Debentures Retained Earning Commercial Bank Loan Borrowing Trade Credit Overdraft Bill Discounting Customers Advances Instalment Credits Loan from Co-operative banks Short Term Source Long Term Source Medium Term Source Sources of Finance Short Term Sources of Finance Definition When we want to establish a new business, it is essential to know the amount of finance required. Some sources are overdraft, customer advances, loan from co-operatives, cash and trade credit etc. that make money for short time. It is called short-term source of finance. Generally Short-term is only for 1 year. In this section we learn about above source of finance and their relative advantages and limitations. Short-term sources of finance: Trade Credit Overdraft Discounting of bills Customers advances Instalment Credit Loan from co-operative bank Trade Credit : Providing business customers with time to arrange for the payment of goods they have already received. This period is one of the interest free credit. It is a costly source of finance. Trade credit is used when the buyer is not able to pay the real cost of goods. 1Trade credit refers to credit granted to manufactures and traders by the suppliers of the raw materials, finished goods, components etc. Usually business enterprises by supplies on a 30 to 90 days credit. Advantages of Trade Credit: If new business start up has trade credit, they will not need more money in capital. It is a good idea to someone who want to start a new business with less money. You can buy goods and make payment later when you sold all the goods and get some money or make a good profit. The time period may be after 25-30 days. Business can look in good position without having any serious trouble in immediate payment, which may set them back. Trade Credit improve the cash flow and provide easy platform for business. With the trade credit, business can focus on other area like sales, marketing and other research. Trade credit is available only with purchase of raw material or finished goods. The term and conditions of trade credit very according to the custom and usage of trade. Disadvantages of Trade Credit: If repayments are not made by in time, the business will receive a very bad credit history. They will not trusted in the future, if your business require any loan or trade credit. If company has a good credit history, it will get trade credit but these can be hard to build up for new business. Overdraft : It is a common source of short term finance because of its flexibility. When borrowed fund are not require longer time they can pay easily and quick. The risks to the lender are less then a long term loan because it is very cheap. 2When a bank allows its depositors or account holders to withdraw money in excess of the balance in his account upto a specified limit, it is known as overdraft facility. This limit is granted purely on the basis of credit-worthiness of the borrower. Advantages of Overdraft: Flexible 3 An overdraft is there when you need it and cost is zero (in case of small fee) when you do not need. It allows you to make essential payments whilst chasing up your own payments, and helps to maintain cash flow. Quick It is very easy and quick to arrange, providing a good cash flow backup with the minimum of fuss. It allow to make essential payment whilst chasing up your own payment and help to maintain cash flow. You only need to borrow what you need at that time. Disadvantages of Overdraft: Cost Sometimes it carry very higher interest rates and fees then loan. This makes them very expensive. Recall The bank can take back the entire overdraft amount at any time if you have broken terms and conditions or it may happen if you fail to make other payment. Security Overdraft may need to be secured against your business assets, which put them at risk if you fail in repayment. Bill Discounting : Some bank provide short-term loan by discounting bill of exchange. In such cases bank deduct discount while making payment. The amount of discount is generally equal to the amount of interest for the remaining period of payment. The advantages and disadvantages from this source are following. 4When these document is presented before the bank for discounting, banks credit the amount to customers account after deducting discount. The amount of discount is equal to the amount of interest for the period of bill. Advantages of Bill Discounting: Availability of cash The drawer gets cash immediately by the discounting bill. He does not have to wait for the payment until the expiry of credit period mansion on the bill. Security Bank normally do not ask for any other security while making payment against the bill discounted. However if customer is interested, banks also grant him limit for discounting of bill. This limit is identify as a limit against discounting bill. Nature of liability for repayment Repayment of money advanced against discounted bill is the responsibility of the drawee of bill of exchange. In case drawee does not pay or refuse the pay, the drawer who got payment after discounting the bill is held responsible for payment. Disadvantages of Bill Discounting: Advance payment of interest While discounting a bill, bank deduct the discount and balance is credited in customers account. This discount is similar to the amount of interest for the remaining period of payment. Thus a person receiving money through discounting of bill has to offer advance interest on the amount of bill. Facility is subject to the parties credit Normally banks extend this facility after being satisfied with the credit of parties involved. Bank may be ask for some security. So, it is not a easy available facility. Problem when non-payment Bills not paid upon maturity are to be certified by Notary Public and a certain amount in the form of nothing is paid. Thus it became an additional burden. Customers Advances : The advance make by the customer against the value of order placed. Thus the remaining amount of goods to be supplied later. Let see more details about the advantages and limitations. Advantages of Customers Advances: Interest Free Amount offered as advance is interest free. Hence the funds are available without any involving problem. No Security The seller is not required to deposit any major security while demanding advance from the customer. Thus assets remain free of charge. Repayment Ones money received in advance will not be refunded. Hence there are no procedures for repayment. Disadvantages of Customers Advances: Limited amount Amount received from a customer is subject to the value of order. Borrowers demand may be more then the advance amount. Limited Period The period of advance amount is only up to the delivery goods. It cannot be renewed. Penalty Normally advances are subject to the condition that if goods are not delivered on time then order would be cancelled and advance amount would be refunded with interest. Instalment Credit : Instalment credit is a system under which a small payment is made at the time of taking the goods and remaining amount is paid in instalment. Generally instalment amount is including of interest. The advantages and limitations of this system are as under: Advantages of Instalment Credit: Ownership of asset Delivery of good is assured immediately on payment of down payment. Convenient payment of assets Costly assets which can not purchase directly with full payment can be purchase by instalment payment. Saving of one time investment If the price of asset is high and lumpsum amount is made then the business fund are blocked. In this case instalment credit leads to saving of one time investment. More facility for business If the facility of payment in instalment is available then business firm can afford to by new furniture, machinery or other necessary things. Thus, your business reputation looked in good condition by instalment credit. Disadvantages of Instalment Credit: Commitment for payment Payment in instalment is a commitment. So you have to pay your instalment in whatever condition of your business. Necessary to pay interest Payment of interest is necessary in this system. Generally sellers charge very high rate of interest. More interest If buyer fail to pay the instalment, seller sometimes impose penalty or additional interest. Loan from Co-operative bank : Co-operatives banks are good source of short-term finance. Membership is the primary condition for securing loan in this bank. This bank grant loans for personal and business purposes too. The advantages and limitations of this bank are as under: Advantages of Loan from Co-operative bank: These loans create a sense of thrift among the low-income group. Being a member of co-operative bank, the borrower can participate in the management. Loan generally granted at a lower rate of interest. Loan from this banks are easily available. Loans are given for good purposes that help to develop the financial and social status of the people. Sometimes these banks organise training program for member to familiars them with the various avenues of the business and regarding proper utilisation of loan money. Disadvantages of Loan from Co-operative bank: These loans are available only to members. Loan from this bank is available only for limited purposes. Co-operative banks depend on the supports of the government. So, government rules and regulations sometimes may be makes in trouble to the borrowers. These bank find it difficult to ensure repayment of loan money due to inadequate information about the need and utilisation of fund by the borrower. There is little scrutiny of the repaying capacity of the loan seeker at the time of granting loan. Medium Term Source of Finance Definition Medium term source of finance means fund does not require more then 3 years. Normally medium term funds are require by business for repairing and maintenance of machinery or other equipment. So firm get this finance from bank or other kind of source. Medium term source of finance: Leasing Public Deposit Mortgage Leasing : Leasing is the method of capital funding requirement. Leasing based on the principal that income is earned from the use of an asset. The advantages and limitations of leasing are following: Advantages of Leasing: Reduced initial cash flow The big advantage of leasing equipment is that the cost is spread over a number of years. You have not to pay the entire amount upfront. This can help to maintain cash flow. Poor cash flow is the main cause of small business and leasing can help you to keep it under better control. Budgeting Normally this is a fixed contract. So the amount can be worked into your business budget much more easily. Tax Advantages lease rentals are considered as an operating cost. So it is possible to deduct them from taxable profits. However, before the contract you should always check the equipment you are buying is eligible or not. Security When you lease the product, you are not owner of this product. It means the leasing company gives better security. You dont need any further security to be able to start a contract. Disadvantages of Leasing: No ownership Main disadvantage is that you are not the owner of the product. It means the leasing company is the owner during and after the lease. As you do not own the product, you are unable to sell it in the event it is no longer needed, and you cannot upgrade to a newer or better product without either paying off the remaining contract, or paying a large fee to cancel the contract. No sell As you are not owner of the product, you can not sell it. If you do not longer needed, you have to pay large fee to cancel the contract. Termination Leases are very difficult to terminate early. Long term expense Although leasing allow you to avoid paying a large amount, but after a long time it works out considerably more expensive. Over the period of standard lease, you pay the actual cost of product and other charges. Maintenance You are responsible for maintenance of the product. If you have not trained employee to fix the equipment, this could be more costly in the serious fault. Some leasing company will allow you to cover maintenance cost but you have to pay some extra amount. Commitment Once you signed a lease contract, you are committed to making payment for the entire lease period even you stop using a property. Public Deposit : It is very old and popular source of finance. When modern banks were not established, people used to deposit their saving with reputed business. The maturity period for public deposit is minimum 6 months and maximum 3 years. The advantages and disadvantages of public deposit are following: Advantages of Public Deposit: Easy to deposit The method of borrowing money from public is very easy. It does not require many legal formalities. It has to be advertised to be newspaper. Easily available If companies have good reputation, they are able to obtain funds directly from public without any more financial difficulties. Income tax purpose Interest paid on this deposit is a deductible expenses for income tax. Fix rate The rate of interest on this deposit is fixed, it helps the company to play trading on equity, if the company is earning more then the rate of interest paid on public deposit. Flexibility Public deposit bring more flexibility in the structure of the capital of the company. These can be raised when needed and refunded when not needed. Disadvantages of Public Deposit: Insecurity Public deposits have no charge on the assets of the company. So it may be not safe to deposit saving in those companies which are not very popular. Uneconomical The rate of interest paid on public deposit may be low but there are other expenses like commission, which make it uneconomical. Short period Public deposits are available mainly for short period. So company cannot depend on it for a long time. Misuse The management may misuse your deposit. So in this case it is not secure. Bad effect on capital market It is an easy and cheaper source of raising money. Thus, more money deposited with the companies, there will be less investment in securities. Hence the capital market will not grow. Mortgage : A mortgage is a loan specially for the purchase of property. The borrower can use theirs own property as security for the loan. The advantages and limitations of mortgage are following: Advantages of Mortgage: Tax advantage The interest payment on the mortgage are tax deductible. Good cash flow With the use of mortgage, you are able to access to capital that you would not normally have access with nominal up-front payment and the flexibility in management of repayment plan. Cash flow management Mortgage plan are pre-set, so you can make plan for future cash management. Disadvantages of Mortgage: Collateral The nature of a mortgage require you to pledge the purchased property to the lender. When the mortgage is repaid, the owner is obligated to release the mortgage and is require to make available any government formalities. Defaults The lender may define a variety of events that will constitute a default on the mortgage, including failure to make any payment on time, bankruptcy, insolvency and breaches of any obligations in the mortgage agreement. Try to negotiate an advance written notice of any alleged default, with a reasonable amount of time to cure the default. Long Term Source of Finance Definition Long-term source of finance are those that are need over a longer period of time. Generally time duration may be more then 5 years. Long-term finance are needed for fund expansion, set up new office, buying new business or fixed assets like furniture, building, machinery, land etc. Funds require for this business is called long-term finance. The amounts of long-term capital depend upon the scale of business and nature of business. Following various sources of long-term finance and advantages and disadvantages of each source. Long-term source of finance: Shares Equity Share Preference Share Debentures Retained Earning Commercial Bank Loan Borrowing Shares : Shares is the main source of long-term finance. The joint stock companies issue shares to the general public. These shareholders are the owners of the company. There are two types of shares (1) Equity Share (2) Preference Share. Company divides its capital into units of particular value like  £10 each or  £200 each. Each unit is called share. Equity Share Dividend on these shares is paid after the fixed rate of dividend has been paid on the preference share. The rate of dividend is not fixed because it is depend upon the profit available. The equity shareholders control the affairs of the company and have an unlimited interest in the companys profit. The advantages and disadvantages of equity share are following: Advantages of Equity Share: [ For Shareholders ] Income Profit The equity shareholders are the residual claimants of the profit. The company may add to the profit by trading on equity. Thus equity capital may get dividend at high in good period. Rights Equity shareholders have right for voting to right persons as directors who can control and manage the affairs of the company. Transferable These shares are transferable units. The value of equity share goes up in the stock market with increase in profit of the concern. Advantages of Equity Share: [  [5]  For Limited Company ] A company can raised fixed capital by issuing equity shares without creating any charge on its fixed assets. The capital raised by issuing equity shares is not required to be paid back during the life time of the company. It will be paid back only if the company is wound up. There is no liability on the company regarding payment of dividend on equity shares. The company may declare dividend only, if there are enough profits. If a company raise more capital by issuing equity shares, it leads to greater confidence among the investors and creditors. Disadvantages of Equity Share: [ For Shareholders ] Irregular income The dividend on equity share is subject to availability of profit. If there are preference shareholders, they get first dividend before equity shareholders. Equity shareholders may get no dividend if company has not enough profit. Capital loss During recession period, the profit of the company come down and the rate of dividend also come down. Due to low rate of dividend the market value of equity shares goes down resulting in a capital loss to the investors. Dilution in control Each sale of equity shares dilutes the voting power of the existing equity shareholders. Equity shares are transferable and may bring about centralisation power in few hands. Impossible trading If equity shares alone are issued, the company cannot trade on equity. Over capitalisation If company issue more equity shares may result in over capitalisation. In that condition dividend per share is low which make bad effect on investor. High cost It cost more to finance with equity shares then with other securities as the selling costs and underwriting commission are paid at a higher rate on the issue of these shares. Speculation Equity shares of good companies are subject to hectic speculation in the stock market. Their prices change frequently which are not in the interest of the company. Disadvantages of Equity Share: [  [6]  For Limited Company ] No trading on equity Trading on equity means ability of a company to raise fund through preference shares, debentures and bank loan etc. On such funds the company has to pay at a fixed rate. This enables equity shareholders to enjoy a higher rate of return when profits are large. The major part of the profit earned is paid to the equity shareholders because borrowed funds carry only a fixed rate of interest. But if a company has only equity shares and does not have their preference shares, debentures or loans, it can not have the advantage of trading on equity. Conflict of interests As the equity share holders carry voting rights, groups are formed to corner the votes and grab the control of the company. There develops conflict of interest which is harmful for the smooth functioning of a company. Preference Share Rising capital by issue of these shares is a most important method of rising long-term funds. Preference shares are the shares, which carry initial rights over the equity shares. These shares are receiving dividend at a fixed rate. All shareholders gets dividend regularly. The advantages and disadvantages of preference share are following: Advantages of Preference Share: Fixed income The dividend payable on preference shares is on fixed rates even if there is no profit. First right Preference shareholders have first right to get dividend. Thus they enjoy the minimum risk. Less capital losses As the initial right of repayment of their capital in case of winding up he company, it saves them from capital losses. Fair security Preference share are fair security for the shareholders during depression period when profit of the company are down. Disadvantages of Preference Share: No Voting right Preference shareholders have no any voting rights in the company. Fixed income The dividend payable on preference shares is on fixed rates even if the company earns higher profit. No claim on surplus amount The shareholders have no rights to claim on surplus amount. They can only ask for the capital investment in the company. Not secure They cannot be secure on the companys assets. Debentures : Whenever company want to borrow a large amount of money for long but fixed period, it can borrow from the general public by issuing loan certificate called debenture. The holders of the debentures are the creditors of the company. The total amount is divided into units of fixed amount. These are offered to the genera public to subscribe in the same manner as in done in the case of share. A debenture is issued under the common seal of the company. It is a written acknowledgment of money borrowed. For example, if company need  £5,000,000 for 10 years, it will issued debentures. Each cost of debenture may be  £100. Advantages of Debentures: Creditors Debenture holders are the creditors of the company. Allowing control over the company Debenture holders have no right either to vote or take part in the management of the company. Reliable Source These are repayable after a fixed period of time, the company can make the best use of money. It helps long term planning. Tax benefit Interest paid on debenture is treated as a expense and is charged to the profit of the company. Thus the company saves income tax. Safety Debenture are more secure. When the company is winding up, they are repayable before any payment is made to the shareholders. Disadvantages of Debentures: More finance more difficulty Debenture finance enables a company to trade on equity. But more finance leaves little for shareholders, as most of the profits may be require paying interest on debentures. Burden in time of depression During depression time the profit of the company decline. It may be difficult to pay interest on debenture. As interest goes on accumulating, it may lead to the closure of the company. Cant borrow money Usually debentures are secure. The company creates a charge on its assets in favour of debenture holders. So the company, which does not have own enough assets, they cannot borrow money by issuing debentures. Burden As the interest on debenture have to be paid every year whether there are profits or loss. It becomes burden in case of company incurs loses. Retained Earning : The part of the profit which is not distributed among the shareholders but is retained and is used in business is called retained earning. As per Indian company Act. Companies are require to transfer a part of their profit in reserves. The amount so kept in reserve may be used to buy fixed assets. This is called internal financing. Advantages of Retained Earning: Cheap There are no expenses behind earning capital from this source. There is no obligation on the part of the company either to pay interest or pay back the money. It can safely used for business. Financial Stability A company which has enough reserves can face ups and downs in business. Such companies can continue with their business even in depression, thus building up its goodwill. Good for shareholders Shareholders may get dividend out of reserves if the company does not earn enough profit. Due to reserve, there is capital appreciation, i.e. the value of shares go up in the share market. Disadvantages of Retained Earning: If Huge profit This method of financing is possible only then there are huge profits and that too for many years. Dissatisfaction When funds accumulate in reserves, bonus shares are issued to the shareholders to capitalise such funds. Hence the company has to pay more dividend. By retained earning the real capital does not increase while the liability increases. In case bonus shares are not issued, it may create a situation of under-capitalisation because the rate of dividend will be much higher as compared to other companies. Monopoly Through ploughing back of profits, companies increase their financial strength. Companies may throw out their competitors from the market and monopolize their position. Mis-management of funds Capital accumulated through retained earnings encourages management to spend carelessly. Commercial Bank Loan : Some commercial banks giving loans for a long period. i.e. for more than ten year. The period of repayment of long is extended at intervals long period. Commercial banks provide long term finance to small scale units in the priority sector. Advantages of Commercial Banks Loan  [7]  : It is a flexible source of finance as loans can be repaid when the need is met. Finance is available for a definite period, hence it is not a permanent burden. Banks keep the financial operations of their clients secret. Less time and cost is involved as compared to issue of shares, debentures etc. Banks do not interfere in the internal affairs of the borrowing concern, hence the management retains the control of the company. Loans can be paid-back in easy installments. In case of small-scale industries and industries in villages and backward areas, the interest charged is low. Disadvantages of Commercial Banks Loan : Banks require personal guarantee or pledge of assets and business cannot raise further loans on these assets. In case the short-term loans are extended again and again, there is always uncertainty about this continuity. Too many formalities are to be fulfilled for getting term loans from banks. These formalities make the borrowings from banks time consuming and inconvenient. Borrowing 8 : Most business rely on borrowings as well as equity to finance operations. Lenders enter into a contract with the business in which the rate of interest, dates of interest payment, capital payments and security far the borrowing are clearly stated. In the event that the interest payment or capital payments are net made on the due dates, the lender will usually have the right, under the terms of the contract, to seize the asset on which the loan is secured and sell them in order to reply the amount outstanding, security for loan may take the form at a fixed charge on particular assets at the business or a floating charge on the whole at its assets. A floating charge will float over the assets and will only fix on particular assets in the event that the business defaults on its borrowing obligations. Advantages of Borrowing  [9]  : Local savers may provide less costly funds; an important habit among clients and the public is rewarded. Lower interest loans provide experience for the company in borrowed funds Local bank become familiar with micro and small enterprise potentials. Access to larger sums more quickly based on track record. Allow longer term projections than grants Provides a discipline similar to that of micro and small enterprise clients. Disadvantages of Borrowing : Too many subsidized loans can retard move to market rate. Loans may be dollarized in inflationary situation. Local banks may not be willing to be cooperative.

Why Gas Prices Are Rising Essay -- essays research papers

Gas prices rising OR EVEN ABOUT SQUEEZING a few more miles out of each precious tankful. But among the special-edition Ferraris, bizarre Cadillac studies and a whole new crop of gas-guzzling SUVs, not all that many people were talking about cheaper and cleaner ways of getting around. The section of the show dedicated to ‘New Energies’ was a tiny corner on the second floor of Hall 2, behind the stands of the insurance companies. There were exactly two exhibits. The lull is deceiving. Never have so many automakers put as much money and effort into building a greener car. Not entirely without some prodding, mind you. Facing clean-fleet laws in the U.S. and â€Å"voluntary† restrictions in Europe, the industry is committing to cut emissions of its gasoline and diesel-powered cars. Gridlocked Italian cities like Rome and Milan may ban conventional cars altogether from their historic centers. In Tokyo, putting 30,000 natural-gas-powered taxis in the streets has already helped clean up the air. But most of all, carmakers have been whipped into action by California’s Zero Emissions Mandate that requires ten percent of all cars sold in the state to be pollution-free by 2003. Mention green cars, and most people think of some battery-powered buggy that the average driver wouldn’t be caught dead in. Electric cars have been around for decades and never caught on. Their problem: batteries aren’t very powerful, so the car’s speed, range and weight remain strictly limited. The typical result is Ford’s new TH!NK, already on the market in Scandinavia and about to hit a few dozen American dealers as well. The TH!NK is a tiny two-seater with a grubby-looking plastic shell that can go about 50 miles between recharges, at a top speed of 50 mph. A full charge takes eight hours, but costs only 50 cents. With a sticker price of $15,000, the car will win a small market niche at best. If you’re not willing to put up with the performance of a glorified golf cart, there are always standard cars powered by alternative fuels like propane, ethanol or liquified natural gas. Also around for decades, these cars have actually begun to catch on. There are 4 million cars in the world today running on a propane/butane mix, including 1.2 million in Italy alone. Many gas stations offer this cleaner fuel as well, so chances are you don’t have to drive very far for a fillup. GM’s U.K.-based Vauxh... ...drogen in favor of methanol, which is simpler to transport and releases hydrogen fairly easily. Trouble is, methanol leaves toxic byproducts that need to be disposed. BMW uses a different technology, burning hydrogen in a conventional combustion engine. Clean steam comes out of the exhaust pipe. As with any other technology, there’s a fierce battle for the standards that will define our hydrogen fuel-cell future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So while hydrogen may be what DaimlerChrysler CEO Juergen Schrempp calls â€Å"the great big alternative,† it’ll be a while yet before this technology is mature enough to replace gasoline-powered cars on a grand scale. The first models will roll out in a few years, but they’ll be expensive and hard to find a filling station for. But industry analysts predict that by 2010, the market will be ready; another ten years, and half the cars sold in the world could run on hydrogen. â€Å"Everyone is buying a ticket to the lottery because we all know that whoever wins will win big time,† says Paul Everitt, chief economist at the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders. If he’s right, greener cars will start to be a much hotter category at the auto show.

How Far Did Martin Luther King Further the Cause of Civil Rights Essay

Dr. Martin luther king is one of the most famous civil rights activists in America to date. However, the importance of his legacy has been debated over how important really was he to the civil rights movement. I personally his movement was a key catalyst for the acquiring of equal civil rights in America. Martin Luther King’s peculiar method of campaigning gained him a large amount of white sympathizers to the civil rights cause. This support, which included President Johnson as a supporter; proved a great asset to the success of the civil rights movement, which highlights King’s importance. His use of peaceful campaigning put the activists on a moral high ground against the police and authorities trying to physically stop them. King being a Christian Pastor, used his acquired rhetoric to communicate the moral issues of his campaigns to the largely Christian white Americans. His importance is clearly evident as had he not tried to communicate to the masses on a religious level, support for the civil rights movement would be very small outside African American community. Perhaps a more militant approach like that of the Black Panthers would have proven a possible hindrance to the success of the civil rights movement as sympathy from white people and moral justification would be eradicated. This is why the work of Martin Luther King could be considered very important to the civil rights movement. Another reason why Martin Luther King’s contributions could be considered very important is due to King’s character and personality. He was like a spokesman for the movement. His impressive oration skills granted him a large audience on which he could lay down his ideas. Civil Rights was mostly associated with him and his personality gave him connection to many people within the political spectrum. King had an inspirational factor to his speeches, as seen during the March On Washington where he delivered his famed ‘I have a dream’ speech in front of 250,000 spectators. His popularity on a national level meant the government had to change their actics in regards to civil rights as upheaval may follow. In this sense, King forced the government to speed up the laws of civil rights, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964. King’s flair for words and his personality made his a valuable element to the entire civil rights movement; his popularity gave him audience with President Kennedy, who eventually supported King. This is why he could be seen as have important contributions to the civil rights movement. As far as King’s work may have lead the civil rights movement, he can still be considered not that important in the grand scheme of things. Some of his ideas and methods were not supported by some members of the civil rights movement. His peaceful methods were rejected by some African Americans – some of who were involved in the Watts Summer Riots and wished to pursue liberty through violent means. Groups such as Nation Of Islam and Black Panthers labelled King as an ‘uncle tom’- a man who worked for the white people and not his own. This hate towards King made his work less important as opposition decreases his support and gave him enemies within members of the movement itself. Furthermore, King’s speeches were heavily Christianity-based. Although they fitted the majority of citizens, who were mostly Christian, some people were not so his ideas were not understood and accepted very well. In this aspect of things, opponents of King and those who he did not represent made his contributions less important. All in all, King’s contributions largely were very significant and important in the Civil Rights movement, his borrowed methods of peaceful protest , along with his oration skills and inspirational attitude ensured his work is probably the most single significant aspect of the entire movement. Despite not representing some members from the civil rights community, his legacy is very famous. The most important aspect of his work is his use of moral defences against authorities, his pacifism gave him support from the biggest politic figureheads and therefore his work undoubtedly was very important.